专利摘要:
The invention relates to a thermal management system for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, a system comprising a processing unit arranged to: - acquire a first datum representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment, - acquire a second datum representative (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger, - acquiring a third datum representative of the thermal environment of the passenger in the passenger compartment, - determining a value of a thermal comfort index (PMV) associated with the passenger in the passenger compartment. cockpit on the basis of the three data thus acquired.
公开号:FR3065915A1
申请号:FR1753885
申请日:2017-05-03
公开日:2018-11-09
发明作者:Josselin Gour;Laurent Rede;Daniel NEVEU
申请人:Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS;
IPC主号:
专利说明:

@ Holder (s): VALEO THERMAL SYSTEMS Simplified joint-stock company.
O Extension request (s):
® Agent (s): VALEO SYSTEMES THERMIQUESTHS.
® THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE INTERIOR.
FR 3 065 915 - A1 (57) The invention relates to a thermal management system for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, system comprising a processing unit arranged for:
- acquire a first datum representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment,
- acquire a second representative data (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger,
- acquire a third datum representative of the passenger's thermal environment in the passenger compartment,
- determine a value of a thermal comfort index (PMV) associated with the passenger in the passenger compartment on the basis of the three data thus acquired.

The invention relates to a thermal management system for a motor vehicle. The invention also relates to a thermal management process implemented by such a thermal management system.
In a motor vehicle, it is known to provide management of the flow rates, temperatures and distribution of the air blown by the different aerators as a function of the external temperature and sunshine conditions. On certain vehicles, this can be combined with the activation of a heated steering wheel and / or a heated or cooled seat, and sometimes contact heated surfaces such as an elbow rest.
The detection and / or taking into account of the thermal state of the passengers is almost nonexistent, except for a few examples of the use of infrared sensors which detect the surface temperature of the passengers' clothes to better maintain initial conditions during the transitional phase of 'reception (when the person comes from a cold or warm environment) and thermal balance resulting from radiative and convective exchanges. In general, the measurement of the thermal state of the passenger compartment is limited to a measurement of air temperatures combined with a sun sensor.
More sophisticated approaches to comfort management have been proposed, based on new sensors, in particular infrared cameras, and new actuators, in particular radiant panels and / or localized air supplies.
The invention aims in particular to propose an improvement of known thermal management systems.
The subject of the invention is therefore a thermal management system for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, a system comprising a processing unit designed to:
- acquire a first datum representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment (Cio) and / or a second datum representative (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger,
- acquire a third datum representative of the passenger's thermal environment in the passenger compartment, in particular a set of data enabling the thermal environment to be characterized,
- determine a value of a thermal comfort index (PMV) associated with the passenger in the passenger compartment on the basis of the data thus acquired.
The invention makes it possible to meet growing expectations in terms of comfort and well-being on board a vehicle, and in particular by increasing the ability to adapt to the needs of each passenger.
The system according to the invention allows the following aspects:
- the ability to adapt to the specific profile of each passenger, i.e. to take into account their particular expectations or preferences, as well as their specific area of comfort linked to their personal profile (gender, age, muscle mass ratio / fat, etc.)
- the ability to take into account each context of use or state of passengers that can impact thermal comfort: clothing, metabolism (digestion, sport, time ...), stress, fatigue ...
- the ability to take into account a wide variety of heat exchanges on passengers, whether in kind (convection, radiation, contacts) or location (head, neck, torso, arms, hands, back, thighs, legs, feet)
According to one aspect of the invention, the system comprises at least one sensor arranged to measure a parameter used to determine at least one of the first, second and third data.
According to one aspect of the invention, the sensor is chosen from:
- a camera, in particular a DMS camera, arranged to observe a passenger in the passenger compartment,
- an infrared dome formed by a wide-angle infrared camera placed on a ceiling of the passenger compartment and which makes it possible to measure the temperature of the walls and windows of the passenger compartment,
- a sun sensor,
- a temperature sensor at the outlet of an air conditioning system or an HVAC after the exchangers,
- a temperature sensor prevailing in the passenger compartment.
A DMS camera (Driver Monitoring System in English) is a camera operating in the near infrared and can be used to recover an image of the driver's face and / or bust, regardless of the brightness in the passenger compartment. Thanks to algorithms, in particular by physical analysis or by using big data or big data in English, we can deduce a lot of information such as: recognition of the identity of the passenger, evaluation of the level of fatigue, estimation of the heart rate, recognition of the clothes worn at the top of the body.
According to one aspect of the invention, the system comprises an air conditioning device, in particular an HVAC, and the system is arranged to measure a parameter used to determine the third datum representative of the passenger's thermal environment in the passenger compartment, this parameter being linked to the state of the air conditioning device, in particular the power of a blower of the air conditioning device or the distribution of air conditioning from the air conditioning device.
According to one aspect of the invention, the first datum (Cio) representative of the level of clothing of the passenger in the passenger compartment corresponds to a thermal resistance of the clothing worn by the passenger.
According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to process an image taken by a camera and to, from this image, determine the type of clothing (T-shirt and / or shirt and / or sweater and / coat and / or scarf and / or hat) worn by the passenger, in particular by image recognition, the system being further arranged to determine the thermal resistance from the type of clothing thus measured.
According to one aspect of the invention, the second representative datum (MET) of the passenger's metabolic activity is dependent at least on a passenger's heart rate which is measured in particular by a system camera, in particular a DMS camera.
According to one aspect of the invention, this camera is arranged to observe changes in color of the passenger's face due to the movement of blood in the skin of the face, and the system measures the heart rate from these images.
According to one aspect of the invention, the second representative datum (MET) of the passenger's metabolic activity is dependent at least on a physical characteristic of the passenger which is measured in particular by a system camera, in particular a DMS camera.
According to one aspect of the invention, the camera is arranged to measure, in particular by image processing, physical characteristics of the passenger, in particular gender, age, size and volume. It is possible to deduct the weight.
According to one aspect of the invention, the second representative datum (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger is dependent both on a heart rate of the passenger and at least on a physical characteristic of the passenger.
According to one aspect of the invention, the second representative datum (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger corresponding to a thermal surface power produced by the passenger.
According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged for, from the temperatures of the walls and / or window measured by a sensor, in particular by an infrared dome, calculate the radiative temperature for at least one part, in particular several parts, of the passenger body such as head, chest, back, legs, calves, feet, arms.
According to one aspect of the invention, the calculation is carried out for at least six distinct parts of the body, in particular at least ten distinct parts of the body such as head, neck, torso, arms, hands, back, buttocks, thighs, legs, feet .
According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to estimate the air temperature in contact with the passenger for a part of the passenger's body, in particular several parts of the passenger's body, in particular the head, bust, back, legs, calves , feet, arms, in particular from the power of an air blower and / or from the distribution of HVAC and / or from the supply air temperature and from the cabin temperature, and in particular on the base of abacuses.
According to one aspect of the invention, the system is designed to, from the distribution of the HVAC and / or the power of the air blower, estimate, in particular from abacuses, the air speed at contact of one or more parts of the passenger's body.
According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to acquire characteristics of the HVAC, such as the position of the flaps and a characteristic of the blower, to estimate the air speed at the level of the passengers.
According to one aspect of the invention, these temperatures and / or speeds are used to calculate the third datum representative of the passenger's thermal environment in the passenger compartment.
According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to estimate the total thermal power exchanged (P_tot_theoritical) by the passenger with his environment by estimating the thermal power exchanged part by part of the body, in particular the head, the bust, the back, legs, calves, feet, arms.
According to one aspect of the invention, the powers exchanged are a function of the local air speed, the local air temperature, the local radiant temperature, the surface of the passengers, the level of clothing of the passenger (Cio ) and the second representative data (MET) of the passenger's metabolic activity.
According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to compare the total thermal power exchanged with the environment (P_tot_theoritical) with the theoretical power produced by the metabolism of the passengers and, by multiplying this difference in power by a coefficient, determining a value of the thermal comfort index (PMV).
According to one aspect of the invention, this model can then be used to estimate the instant comfort of passengers. It is also possible to define instructions for thermal actuators in order to achieve passenger comfort. There is thus a personalized regulation of the thermal system.
Unlike known regulations which are exclusively based on parameters external to the passengers (cabin temperature, outside temperature, sunshine), the invention preferably uses both external data and characteristics of the passengers. We can thus refine the thermal need to achieve thermal comfort for passengers.
The subject of the invention is also a method of managing thermal comfort in a motor vehicle interior using an estimated model of thermal sensations and thermal comfort based on a calculation of the heat exchanges on the different parts of the body and the analysis of the temperatures of resulting balance and power balances, characterized in that the method simultaneously determines, in order to estimate a comfort index:
- the metabolic activity of the passenger (s), derived from measurement data and / or from a predetermined estimation model,
- the level of clothing of the passenger (s), based on measurement data and / or a predetermined estimation model,
- exchanges by convection, radiation and contact with the passenger (s), taken from at least six distinct areas of the body.
According to one aspect of the invention, the method is arranged to take into account heat exchanges by respiration, sweating and perspiration, as a function of ambient temperature and humidity and of metabolism to estimate a comfort index.
According to one aspect of the invention, the metabolic activity is determined as a function of the day and / or the hour, of sex, of age, of other personal characteristics of the passenger, and of the data or knowledge of his current or previous activities.
According to one aspect of the invention, the method is arranged to take into account variations over time or between parts of the face of the skin temperature measured by an infrared camera.
According to one aspect of the invention, the method is arranged to take into account an estimate of a local and global thermal sensation based on the data of skin temperatures taken as reference of comfort on each part of the body, and on a calculation of the thermal deficit resulting from a balance of local and global exchanges obtained with these temperatures.
According to one aspect of the invention, the method is arranged to take into account a map of the skin temperatures taken as a reference of comfort in the form of tabulated values and / or modeled and / or obtained by learning, according to the profile and preferences of each passenger, ambient conditions and usage context.
According to one aspect of the invention, the method is arranged to take into account an estimate of an overall thermal comfort based on the application of a formula which combines and weights the influence of the difference on each part of the body between the equilibrium skin temperature and the reference comfort temperature, as well as the variation over time of this difference.
According to one aspect of the invention, the method is arranged to take into account the weighting coefficients of the impact of each term (difference between equilibrium temperatures and reference temperature and / or its local variation) in the form of tabulated values and / or modeled and / or obtained by learning, according to the profile and preferences of each passenger, the ambient conditions and the context of use.
The invention will be better understood and other details, characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description given by way of nonlimiting example with reference to the appended drawing in which:
- Figure 1 illustrates, schematically and partially, a thermal system according to the invention,
FIG. 2 illustrates steps of the method of managing thermal comfort in the system of FIG. 1,
- Figure 3 shows the different areas of the passenger involved in the process of Figure 2.
FIG. 1 shows a thermal management system 1 for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, system comprising a processing unit 2 arranged for:
- acquire a first datum (Cio) representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment,
- acquire a second representative data (MET) of the passenger's metabolic activity,
- acquire a third data representative of the passenger's thermal environment in the passenger compartment,
- determine a value of a thermal comfort index (PMV) associated with the passenger in the passenger compartment on the basis of the three data thus acquired.
The system includes several sensors arranged to measure several parameters used to determine the first, second and third data.
These sensors include:
- a DMS 3 camera arranged to observe a passenger in the passenger compartment,
- an infrared dome 4 formed by a wide angle infrared camera placed on a ceiling of the passenger compartment and which makes it possible to measure the temperature of the walls and windows of the passenger compartment,
- a sun sensor 5,
- a temperature sensor 6 at the outlet of an air conditioning device or the HVAC 10,
- a temperature sensor 7 prevailing in the passenger compartment.
The system 1 is arranged to measure a parameter used to determine the third datum representative of the passenger's thermal environment in the passenger compartment, this parameter being linked to the state of the air conditioning device, in particular the power of a blower of the device or the distribution of air conditioning from the air conditioning system.
The first datum (Cio) representative of the level of clothing of the passenger in the passenger compartment corresponds to a measured thermal resistance of the clothing worn by the passenger.
To this end, the system 1 is arranged to process an image taken by the camera 3 and to, from this image, determine the type of clothing (T-shirt and / or shirt and / or sweater and / coat and / or scarf and / or hat) worn by the passenger, in particular by image recognition, the system 1 being further arranged to determine the thermal resistance from the type of clothing thus measured.
The second representative data (MET) of the passenger's metabolic activity is dependent on a passenger's heart rate HR which is measured in particular by the camera 3, as can be seen in FIG. 3.
This camera 3 is arranged to observe changes in color of the passenger's face due to the displacement of blood at the level of the skin of the face, and the system measures from these images the heart rate.
The second representative datum (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger is dependent on a physical characteristic of the passenger which is measured by the camera 6 to determine, by image processing, the physical characteristics PC of the passenger, in particular gender, age, size and volume, and indirectly weight.
The second datum representative MET of the metabolic activity of the passenger corresponds to a thermal surface power PS produced by the passenger deduced using the datum PC.
Several data representative of the metabolic activity of the passenger (MET) are used.
The system 1 is arranged for, from the temperatures of the walls and / or window measured by the infrared dome 4, calculate the radiative temperature for several parts of the passenger's body such as the head Z1, the bust Z2, the back Z3, the legs Z4, feet Z5, arms Z6 and hands Z7, as can be seen in Figure 3.
System 1 is designed to estimate the air temperature in contact with the passenger for a part of the passenger's body, in particular several parts of the passenger's body, in particular the head, bust, back, legs, calves, feet, arms, in particular at based on the power of an air blower and / or the distribution of HVAC and / or the supply air temperature and the temperature of the passenger compartment and in particular on the basis of charts.
System 1 is designed to, from the distribution of the HVAC and / or the power of the air blower, estimate, in particular from abacuses, the air speed in contact with a part or more passenger body parts.
These temperatures and / or speeds TV are used to calculate the third datum representative of the passenger’s thermal environment in the passenger compartment.
The system 1 is arranged to estimate the total thermal power exchanged (P_tot_theoritical) by the passenger with his environment by estimating the thermal power exchanged part by part of the body, in particular the head, the bust, the back, the legs, the calves, the feet, arms. This total thermal power exchanged (P_tot_theoritical) is a function of the Cio, Met and PS data.
In fact, the powers exchanged are a function of the local air speed, the local air temperature, the local radiant temperature, the surface of the passengers, the level of clothing of the passenger (Cio) and the second datum representative (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger.
System 1 is designed to compare the total thermal power exchanged with the environment (P_tot_theoritical) to the theoretical power produced by the metabolism of the passengers and, by multiplying this difference in power by a coefficient, determining a value of the comfort index thermal (PMV).
According to one aspect of the invention, this model can then be used to estimate the instant comfort of passengers. It is also possible to define instructions for thermal actuators in order to achieve passenger comfort. There is thus a personalized regulation of the thermal system.
The method is arranged to take into account heat exchanges by respiration, sweating and perspiration, as a function of ambient temperature and humidity and of metabolism in order to estimate a comfort index.
Metabolic activity is determined based on the day and / or time, gender, age, other personal characteristics of the passenger, and data or knowledge of current or previous activities.
权利要求:
Claims (10)
[1" id="c-fr-0001]
1. Thermal management system for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, system comprising a processing unit arranged for:
- acquire a first datum representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment (Cio) and / or a second datum representative (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger,
- acquire a third data representative of the passenger's thermal environment in the passenger compartment,
- determine a value of a thermal comfort index (PMV) associated with the passenger in the passenger compartment on the basis of the data thus acquired.
[2" id="c-fr-0002]
2. System according to the preceding claim, the system comprising at least one sensor arranged to measure a parameter used to determine at least one of the first, second and third data.
[3" id="c-fr-0003]
3. System according to the preceding claim, the sensor being chosen from:
- a camera (3), in particular a DMS camera, arranged to observe a passenger in the passenger compartment,
- an infrared dome (4) formed by a wide angle infrared camera placed on a passenger compartment ceiling and which makes it possible to measure the temperature of the walls and windows of the passenger compartment,
- a sun sensor,
- a temperature sensor at the outlet of an air conditioning system,
- a temperature sensor prevailing in the passenger compartment.
[4" id="c-fr-0004]
4. System according to one of the preceding claims, the system comprising an air conditioning device, in particular an HVAC, and the system is arranged to measure a parameter used to determine the third datum representative of the passenger's thermal environment in the passenger compartment , this parameter being linked to the state of the air conditioning device, in particular the power of a blower of the air conditioning device or the distribution of air conditioning of the air conditioning device.
[5" id="c-fr-0005]
5. System according to one of the preceding claims, the system being arranged to process an image taken by a camera and to, from this image, determine the type of clothing worn by the passenger, in particular by image recognition, the system being further arranged to determine the thermal resistance from the type of clothing thus measured.
[6" id="c-fr-0006]
6. System according to one of the preceding claims, the second representative datum (MET) of the passenger's metabolic activity being dependent at least on a passenger's heart rate which is measured in particular by a camera of the system.
[7" id="c-fr-0007]
7. System according to one of the preceding claims, the second representative data (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger being dependent at least on a physical characteristic of the passenger which is measured in particular by a camera of the system, in particular a camera ( 3).
[8" id="c-fr-0008]
8. System according to one of the preceding claims, the second representative datum (MET) of the metabolic activity of the
15 passenger corresponding to a thermal surface power produced by the passenger.
[9" id="c-fr-0009]
9. System according to one of the preceding claims, the system 1 being arranged to estimate the air temperature in contact with the passenger for a part of the passenger's body, in particular several parts of the passenger's body, in particular the head, bust, back. , legs, calves, feet, arms, in particular from the power of an air blower and / or the distribution of HVAC and / or the supply air temperature and the temperature of the passenger compartment and in particular on the basis of abacuses.
[10" id="c-fr-0010]
10. A method of managing thermal comfort in a passenger compartment using an estimated model of thermal sensations and thermal comfort based on a calculation of thermal exchanges on the different parts of the body and the analysis of equilibrium temperatures and power balances which as a result, characterized in that the method simultaneously determines, in order to estimate a comfort index:
- the metabolic activity of the passenger (s), derived from measurement data and / or from a predetermined estimation model,
- the level of clothing of the passenger (s), based on measurement data and / or a predetermined estimation model,
- exchanges by convection, radiation and contact with the passenger (s), taken from at least six distinct areas of the body.
1/2
P_tot_theoritical
X.
J
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法律状态:
2018-05-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
2018-11-09| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20181109 |
2019-05-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
2020-05-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
2021-05-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
优先权:
申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
FR1753885|2017-05-03|
FR1753885A|FR3065915B1|2017-05-03|2017-05-03|THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE INTERIOR|FR1753885A| FR3065915B1|2017-05-03|2017-05-03|THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE INTERIOR|
EP18725289.5A| EP3619067A1|2017-05-03|2018-04-25|Thermal management system for a motor vehicle passenger compartment|
PCT/FR2018/051043| WO2018202984A1|2017-05-03|2018-04-25|Thermal management system for a motor vehicle passenger compartment|
CN201890000802.4U| CN213501729U|2017-05-03|2018-04-25|Thermal management system for a motor vehicle passenger compartment|
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